COASTS: Coastal Ocean Advanced Scientific and Technical Studies

 

Interdisciplinary Ocean Science of the Global Coastal Ocean

Study Plan Document

29 January 2001

Table of Contents

Introduction

  1. Scope and Purpose of the Study
  2. The COASTS Program - Context of the Study
  3. Topical Content Outline

Appendix 1 - Detailed Topical Content Outline

Appendix 2 - COASTS Steering Committee

Introduction

The fundamental goal of the COASTS program is, in summary, to develop the coastal scientific and technical basis necessary for the management and health of the coastal seas. The purpose for this study is the initiation of the groundwork needed for undertaking an overview and synthesis of the interdisciplinary global coastal ocean science (physical-biological-chemical-sedimentological). This will be in the same spirit in which the physical synthesis was accomplished, which was published in 1998 as two volumes of THE SEA: Volume 10 - The Global Coastal Ocean: Processes and Methods, and Volume 11 - The Global Coastal Ocean: Regional Studies and Synthesis.

  1. Scope and Purpose of the Study
  2. The study should provide a state of knowledge on marine science issues that currently are in need of fundamental research. In order to produce a comprehensive synthesis, the planning meeting proposed to adopt the following guidelines:

    1. The study synthesis should summarize existing knowledge and additionally define research directions in terms of generic multi-scale, multidisciplinary processes; as well as regional studies and synthesis incorporating natural regions. It should then describe interdisciplinary processes, i.e. physical, optical, biological, sedimentological, with a particular focus on the physical/biological process interface. The study synthesis will include the surf zone and the continental margin.
    2. Scientific applications will be addressed in terms of methodology within an interdisciplinary context.

    Following these guidelines, it is proposed that the goal of the Global Coastal Ocean Synthesis will be to produce two study volumes with the following titles:

    1. THE GLOBAL COASTAL OCEAN: MULTI-SCALE INTERDISCIPLINARY PROCESSES
    2. THE GLOBAL COASTAL OCEAN: INTERDISCIPLINARY REGIONAL STUDIES AND SYNTHESES

    The volumes will have a general organization similar to that of Volumes 10 and 11 referred to above in order to facilitate physical/interdisciplinary intercomparison.

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  3. The COASTS Program-Context of the Study
  4. The overall objectives are defined as follows:

    1. to encourage and facilitate coastal and shelf ocean sciences and technology on a global basis, in order to promote and improve capabilities to carry out such studies; to increase scientific understanding; and to provide scientific inputs to an effective coastal zone management
    2. to achieve this, the programme aims to promote understanding of physical and dynamical processes as the basis of multi disciplinary processes and to enhance and interact with comprehensive studies

    Long-term objectives are defined as:

    1. to assess the major features of various physical mechanisms and their application to biological and chemical processes; and assess major interactive processes.
    2. to provide, on the basis of knowledge, enhanced and synthesized by this programme, an improved and possibly adequate scientific foundation for the management of the coastal and shelf areas.

    Guidance for the Study will be provided by the COASTS Steering Committee (see Appendix 2). A workshop for this Study will be held at IOC 8-11 August 2001. A Steering Committee meeting will be held 12 August 2001. Production of the Volumes is presently planned for the second half of 2003.

    In terms of future activities envisaged for the COASTS programme, the Expert Consultation should specifically consider the following issues:

    1. Whereas the First COASTS Global Workshop (CGW-1) focused on physical processes and circulation, the second (CGW-2) should be fully interdisciplinary and deal with interactive and coupled physical-biological-chemical-sedimentological scientific processes on a global basis, which should provide the scientific basis for technical development requisite for coastal management models, and be published as Volumes of "The Sea" on Coastal Oceans.
    2. COASTS should maintain a process orientation and should have a focused approach, i.e. COASTS should identify a few critical processes and attempt to synthesize and coordinate research effectively on a worldwide basis. In this context, physical-biological interactions and sediment interactions centrally relevant to management applications would be prime candidates.
    3. An additional important topic to be covered within COASTS is community modeling for coastal regimes.
    4. Training and capacity building should be promoted within COASTS.
    5. Upon completion of the present volumes, studies of Estuaries, Tidal Flats, and Shallow Inshore Water (including the surf zone and continental margin) should be undertaken.

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  5. Topical Content Outline (see the detailed topical outlines for Volumes I and II in Appendix 1)
    1. THE GLOBAL COASTAL OCEAN: MULTI-SCALE INTERDISCIPLINARY PROCESSES
    2. Part 1. Perspective

      Part 2. Sediment dynamics and interactions

      Part 3. Biogeochemical dynamics and interactions

      Part 4. Ecosystem dynamics and interactions

      Part 5. Multiple time scales of variabilities

      Part 6. Scientific issues for applications

    3. THE GLOBAL COASTAL OCEAN: INTERDISCIPLINARY REGIONAL STUDIES AND SYNTHESES
    4. Part 1. Pan Regional Overviews

      Part 2. Regional Studies

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Figure 1 indicates the 32 regional areas. Table 1 defines the pan regional groupings.

Figure 1 - Coastal Regions


Western Ocean Boundary Shelves

(W)

Eastern Ocean Boundaries

(E)

Polar Ocean Boundary

(P)

Semi-enclosed seas, Islands and Australia (S)

(1) North Eastern North America

(2) South eastern United States and Gulf of Mexico

(3) Intra Americas Seas

(4) Western Atlantic Continental Shelf (4° N to 34° S)

(5) Western South Atlantic Shelf (33 to 55° S)

(10) Eastern Asia, Kamchatka to the Eastern Coast of the Philippines

(15) Southeast Africa, including Madagascar

 

(6) Western South America

(7) Galapagos to the Gulf of California

(8) Western North America from the tip of Baja California to Vancouver Island

(16) Banguela, Southwestern Africa

(17) Equatorial West Africa from 10° N to 10° S

(18) Eastern Boundary of the North Atlantic: Northwestern Africa and Iberia

(19) The Celtic Seas

(21) Iceland, Faroe, and Norwegian Coasts

(9) Northern North Pacific

(22) Barents and Kara Seas

(23) Laptev and East-Siberian Seas

(24) Continental Self of the Bering Sea

(25) Northern North America and West Greenland

(26) Hudson Bay and Surrounding Eastern Canadian Artic Waters

(32) Antarctic Continental Shelf: 150° E to Greenwich Meridian

(11) Sea of Okhotsk and the Japan East/Sea

(12) China Seas North of 18° N

(13) Outer Southeast Asia including the Banda Sea

(14) North Indian Ocean

(20) The Baltic and North Seas

(27) Coastal and Shelf Areas of the Mediterranean

(28) The Black Sea

(29) Seas of the Arabian Region

(30) Australia's Shelf Seas

(31) New Zealand Shelf

Table 1 - Pan regional overview groupings

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Appendix 1 - Detailed Topical Content Outline

  1. Multi-scale Interdisciplinary Processes
  2. Part 1. Perspective

    1. Overview of multiple scales in space and time
    2. Physical processes synthesis
    3. Dynamic processes and physical-biological-chemical-sedimentological interactions

    Part 2. Sediment dynamics and interactions

    1. Sediment transport and re-suspension
    2. Exchange across the benthic boundary
    3. Productivity0driven sediment processes and remineralization
    4. Coral reefs and sediments

    Part 3. Biogeochemical dynamics and interactions

    1. Boundary exchanges: air, land, solid earth, ice, and deep sea interactions
    2. Circulation, mixing and the distribution of re-mineralized nutrients
    3. The role of the coastal ocean in biogeochemical cycles

    Part 4. Ecosystem dynamics and interactions

    1. Ecosystem types and processes
    2. The role of sediments in ecosystem dynamics
    3. Dynamics and interactions of autotrophs, light, nutrients and CO2
    4. Dynamics and interactions of heterotrophs
    5. Dynamics and interactions of planktivorous and benthic feeding fish
    6. Inputs to, pathways through, and effects of chemicals on ecosystems

    Part 5. Multiple time scales of variabilities

    1. Interannual to global change scales
    2. Biological effects of ENSO
    3. Extreme events: floods, storm surges, tsunamis, hurricanes, volcanoes, turbidity currents, and submarine landslides
    4. Sea level change

    Part 6. Scientific issues for applications

    1. Overview of science requirements
    2. Functionality and stability of ecosystems
    3. Eutrophication
    4. Harmful algal blooms
    5. Habitat modification
    6. Regime shifts

 

  1. The Global Coastal Ocean: Interdisciplainary Regional Studies and Syntheses

    Part 1. PAN REGIONAL OVERVIEWS

    1. Western Ocean Boundary Shelves
    2. Eastern Ocean Boundaries
    3. Polar Ocean Boundaries
    4. Semi-Enclosed Seas, Islands, and Australia
    5. Global Synthesis and Distribution of Biological and Chemical Processes and Interactions
    6. Global Synthesis and Distribution of Sedimentological Processes and Interactions

    Part 2. REGIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY

    1. Northeastern North America (1,W)
    2. Southeastern United States and Gulf of Mexico (2,W)
    3. Intra-Americas Seas (3,W)
    4. Western Atlantic Continental Shelf (4° N to 34° S) (4,W)
    5. Western South Atlantic Shelf (33° S TO 55° S) (5,W)
    6. Western South America (6,E)
    7. Galapagos to the Gulf of California (7,E)
    8. Western North America from the Tip of Baja California to Vancouver Island (8,E)
    9. Northern North Pacific (9,P)
    10. Eastern Asia, Kamchatka to Eastern Coast of Philippines (10,W)
    11. Sea of Okhotsk and the Japan/East Sea (11,S)
    12. China Seas North of 18° N (12,S)
    13. Outer Southeast Asia including the Banda Sea (13,S)
    14. North Indian Ocean (14,S)
    15. Southeast Africa, including Madagascar (15,W)
    16. Banguela, Southwestern Africa (16,E)
    17. Equatorial West Africa from 10° N to 10° S (17,E)
    18. Eastern Boundary of the North Atlantic: Northwestern Africa and Iberia (18,E)
    19. The Celtic Seas (19,E)
    20. The Baltic and North Seas (20,S)
    21. Iceland, Faroe and Norwegian Coasts (21,E)
    22. Laptev and the East-Siberian Seas (23,P)
    23. Continental Shelf of the Bering Sea (24,P)
    24. Northern North America and West Greenland (25,P)
    25. Hudson Bay and Surrounding Eastern Canadian Arctic Waters (26,P)
    26. Coastal and Shelf Areas of the Mediterranean (27,S)
    27. The Black Sea (28,S)
    28. Seas of the Arabian Region (29,S)
    29. Australia<92>s Shelf Seas (30,S)
    30. New Zealand Shelf (31,S)
    31. Antarctic Continental Shelf: 150° E to Greenwich Meridian (32,P)

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Appendix 2 - COASTS Steering Committee

Professor Allan R. Robinson
Chairman
Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Harvard University
29 Oxford Street
Cambridge, MA 02138
Tel.: 617-495-2819
Fax: 617-495-5192
Email: robinson@pacific.harvard.edu
Dr. Larry Awosika
Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research
Wilmot Point Road
Bar-Beach, Victoria Island
P.M.B. 12729
Nigeria
Tel.: 234-1-261-9517
Fax: 234-1-261-17530
Email: niomr@linkserve.com.ng
Dr. Kenneth Brink
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Clark 302A, Mail Stop 22
360 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA 02543
Tel.: 508-289-2535
Fax: 508-457-2181
Email: kbrink@whoi.edu
Dr. Ehrlich Desa
National Institute of Oceanography
Dona Paula
GOA 403 004
India
Tel.:
Fax:
Email: ehrlich@csnio.ren.nic.in
Professor Hugh Ducklow
Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences
The College of William and Mary
Box 1346
Gloucester Point, VA 23062-1346
Tel.: 804-684-7180
Fax: 804-684-7293
Email: duck@vims.edu
Professor Mikhail Flint
P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology
Nakhimovski Prospect 36
Moscow 117851
Russia
Tel.: 7-095-124-8515
Fax: 7-095-124-5983
Email: m_flint@orc.ru
Dr. Julie Hall
NIWA
P.O. Box 11-115
Hamilton, New Zealand
Tel.: 64-7-856-7026
Fax: 64-7-856-0151
Email: j.hall@niwa.cri.nz
Dr. Larry Hutchings
Sea Fisheries Research Institute
Pvt. Bag X2
Rogge Bay
Cape Town, South Africa
Tel.: 27-21-402-3109
Fax: 27-21-4217-406
Email: lhutchin@sfri.wcape.gov.za
Dr. Han Lindeboom
Netherlands Institute for Sea Research
P.O. Box 59
1790 AB Den Burg-Texel
The Netherlands
Tel.: 31-222-369410
Fax: 31-222-319674
Email: hanl@nioz.nl
Professor Jacques Nihoul
GHER
University of Liege
B5 Sart Tilman
B-4000 Liege
Belgium
Tel.: 32-43-663350
Fax: 32-43-662355
Email: j.nihoul@ulg.ac.be
Dr. Charles A. Nittrouer
School of Oceanography
University of Washington
Seattle, WA 98195-7940
Tel.:
Fax:
Email: nittroue@ocean.washington.edu
Dr. Maria Cintia Piccolo
Instituto Argentino de Oceanografia
Casilla de Correo No. 804
Bahia Blanca 8000
Argentina
Tel.: 54-291-486-1519
Fax: 54-291-486-1112 or 486-1527
Email: ofpiccol@criba.edu.ar
or: piccolo@criba.edu.ar
Dr. Nadia Pinardi
Corso di Scienze Ambientali
Bologna University
P.zale Kennedy 12
Revenna, Italy
Tel.: 39-054-442-4869
Fax: 39-054-442-4868
Email: n.pinardi@ambra.unibo.it
Professor Brian J. Rothschild
Center for Marine Science and Technology
University of Massachusetts Dartmouth
706. South Rodney French Boulevard
New Bedford, MA 02744
Tel.: 508-999-8193
Fax: 508-999-8197
Email: brothschild@umassd.edu
Professor Jilan Su
Second Institute of Oceanography
State Oceanic Administration
P.O. Box 1207, 9 Xixihexia
Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012
China
Tel.: 86-571-807-6924
Fax: 86-571-807-1539
Email: sujil@ns2.zgb.com.cn
Professor Bjorn Sundby
Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski (ISMER)
Universite de Quebec Rimouski
and
Earth and Planetary Sciences
McGill University
3450 University Street
Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7
Canada
Tel.: 514-844-2952
Fax: 514-398-4680
Email: b.sundby@uquebec.ca

IOC/SCOR Liaison

Dr. Umit Unluata
Principal Contact
IOC-UNESCO
1, rue Miollis
75732 Paris, Cedex 15
France
Tel.: 33-145-68-4008
Fax: 33-145-68-5812
Email: u.unluata@unesco.org
Dr. Julian Barbiere
IOC-UNESCO
1, rue Miollis
75732 Paris, Cedex 15
France
Tel.: 33-145-68-4008
Fax: 33-145-68-5812
Email: j.barbiere@unesco.org
Dr. Colin Summerhayes
IOC-UNESCO
1, rue Miollis
75732 Paris, Cedex 15
France
Tel.: 33-145-68-4042
Fax:
Email: c.summerhayes@unesco.org
Professor Bjorn Sundby
SCOR Representative
Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski (ISMER)
Universite de Quebec Rimouski
and
Earth and Planetary Sciences
McGill University
3450 University Street
Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7
Canada
Tel.: 514-844-2952
Fax: 514-398-4680
Email: b.sundby@uquebec.ca

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